什么是私钥？
您可能曾听说过加密货币界的一句格言：“不掌握钥匙，就不拥有加密货币。” 这里所说的“钥匙”，指的是私钥——一种在密码学中使用的保密数字序列，用于验证某一区块链地址的所有权以及签署交易。
简单来说，私钥就像是您加密货币的密码。控制了私钥，也就控制了您账户中的代币等资产。因此，私钥的保密性极为重要。
有时候，私钥会与助记词混淆，但二者有所不同。虽然访问任何一种都能控制加密钱包，但它们的功能和用途有所区别。
私钥的工作原理
加密货币通过一个名为区块链的数字账本来运作，其中包含了多个地址和密钥。公共地址允许任何人向该地址发送币或代币，但只有持有对应私钥的人才能从中提取。可以把公共地址比作一个锁着的邮箱，任何人都可以向里面投递信件，但只有持有钥匙的人能打开它。
私钥通常是由一串字母和数字组成的长代码，几乎不可能通过暴力破解来获得。幸运的是，用户不必记住这些复杂的代码，因为MPC无私钥钱包就无需保管私钥，还能够便捷恢复钱包。这样，用户无需记住复杂的私钥代码或助记词，也能便捷使用和管理钱包。
确保私钥的安全
如上所述，如果失去了私钥，您可能无法再访问您的加密钱包。如果别人得到了您的私钥，那么您的加密货币可能就永远丧失了。因此，将私钥保存在安全且隐秘的地方是至关重要的。
纸钱包是一种较为传统的保存私钥的方法，包括私钥和二维码的打印输出，但如果处理不当，很容易遭受损坏或被盗。
硬件钱包则是一种流行的物理设备，能够离线生成和保存私钥。这些设备通常配备独立的密码，以增加在设备丢失时的安全性。
而连接互联网的钱包（如桌面钱包、基于浏览器的钱包和移动钱包）虽然便利，但安全性相对较低。使用这类钱包时，用户需要格外注意自己访问的链接和签署的交易。然而，如果正确使用，在线钱包也能安全地保护您的加密货币。
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© 2024 OKX. This article may be reproduced or distributed in its entirety, or excerpts of 100 words or less of this article may be used, provided such use is non-commercial. Any reproduction or distribution of the entire article must also prominently state: “This article is © 2024 OKX and is used with permission.” Permitted excerpts must cite to the name of the article and include attribution, for example “Article Name, [author name if applicable], © 2024 OKX.” No derivative works or other uses of this article are permitted.
Information about: digital currency exchange services is prepared by OKX Australia Pty Ltd (ABN 22 636 269 040); derivatives and margin by OKX Australia Financial Pty Ltd (ABN 14 145 724 509, AFSL 379035) and is only intended for wholesale clients (within the meaning of the Corporations Act 2001 (Cth)); and other products and services by the relevant OKX entities which offer them (see Terms of Service). Information is general in nature and should not be taken as investment advice, personal recommendation or an offer of (or solicitation to) buy any crypto or related products. You should do your own research and obtain professional advice, including to ensure you understand the risks associated with these products, before you make a decision about them. Past performance is not indicative of future performance - never risk more than you are prepared to lose. Read our Terms of ServiceTerms of Serviceand Risk Disclosure Statement for more information.
